Interstratified chlorite-expandable layer clay minerals in the Green Tuff formation

Lipid peroxidation induced by expandable clay minerals.

Small-sized environmental particles such as 2:1 phyllosilicates induce oxidative stress, a primary indicator of cell damage and toxicity. Herein, potential hazards of clay particle uptake are addressed. This paper reports that the content and distribution of structural Fe influence the ability of expandable clay minerals to induce lipid peroxidation (LP), a major indicator of oxidative stress, ...

Formation and Occurrence of Clay Minerals

Clay minerals may be si<j'nifieant indieatoi's of earth processes. They form throufrh a range which involves at one extreme the action of compressed water vapor at a temperature of several hundred degrees centigrade, and at the other extreme, the action of atmospheric agencies at an ordinary temperature. Not recognized as original products of magmatic crystallization, clay minerals are prima fa...

Formation and Transformation of Clay Minerals: the Role of Bacteria

Bacteria are the most abundant forms of life we know on our planet that can be able to survive in a variety of habitats, from hot to cold springs, from soils to deep sedimentary rocks, in radioactive wastes and in living organisms. It has been estimated (Whitman et al., 1998; Lipp et al., 2008) that the prokaryote number is 3.5 5.0·1030 and although global subseafloor sedimentary microbial abun...

Chemiographic Analysis of Trioctahedral Smectite-to-chlorite Conversion Series from the O H Y U Caldera, Japan

-The chemical compositions ofchlorite-smectite mixed-layered minerals (C/S) from the Ohyu caldera (lnoue, 1985) are analyzed using M+-4Si-3R 2§ diagrams. The assumed original saponite has the following composition: Si3.54Alo.460 ~ 0Alo. ~7~Fe 2§ ~.385Mg1.z95Mn0.o2(OH)2M+o.56. Random C/S minerals ( 100 to 80% expandable layers) are interpreted as an interstratification of the starting 2:1 smecti...

Clay and non-clay minerals in the pharmaceutical industry